课文阅读
The double life of Alfred Bloggs 艾尔弗雷德·布洛格斯的双重生活
double adj. combining two things or qualities 双重的 [usually before n.]
a double meaning 双重意义
These days, people who do manual work often receive far more money than people who work in office. 如今，从事体力劳动的人的收入一般要比坐办公室的人高出许多。
manual adj. (of work, etc.) involving using the hands or physical strength （工作等）用手的；手工的；体力的
manual labor 体力劳动
People who work in offices are frequently referred to as ‘white-collar workers’ for the simple reason that they usually wear a collar and tie to go to work. 坐办公室的人之所以常常被称作“白领工人”，就是因为他们通常是穿着硬领白衬衫，系着领带去上班。
refer to sb / sth (as sth) * to mention or speak about 提到；谈及；说起
She always referred to Ben as ‘that nice man’. 她总是称本为“那个大好人”。
white-collar adj. working in an office, rather than in a factory, etc.; connected with work in offices 白领的；文职的；脑力劳动的 [usually before n.]
blue-collar adj connected with people who do physical work in industry 从事体力劳动的；蓝领的 [only before n.]
collar n. the part around the neck of a whirt, jacket or coat that usually folds down 衣领；领子
a coat with fur collar 毛皮领大衣
Such is human nature that a great many people are often willing to sacrifice higher pay for the privilege of becoming white-collar workers. 许多人常常情愿放弃较高的薪水以换取做白领工人的殊荣，此乃人之常情。
Such 位于句首起强调作用，引起全部倒装，后文原序为 Human nature is such …。
nature n. the usual way that a person or an animal behaves that is part of their character 天性；本性；性格 [C,U]
by ~: She is very sensitive by nature. 她生性很敏感。
it is not in sb’s ~ to do sth: It’s not in his nature to be unkind. 他天生不会刻薄。
sacrifice v. to give up sth that is important or valuable to you in order to get or do sth that seems more important for yourself or for another person 牺牲；献出 [T]
~ sth for sb / sth: She sacrificed everything for her children. 她为子女牺牲了一切。
~ sth: Would you sacrifice a football game to go out with a girl? 你愿意放弃一场足球赛，去跟一个女孩子约会吗？
privilege n. something that you are proud and lucky to have the opportunity to do 荣幸；荣耀；光荣 [sing.]
I hope to have the privilege of working working with them again. 但愿有幸与他们再度合作。
This can give rise to curious situations, as it did in the case of Alfred Bloggs who worked as a dustman for the Ellesmere Corporation. 而这常常会引起种种奇怪的现象，在埃尔斯米尔公司当清洁工的艾尔弗雷德·布洛格斯就是一个好例子。
curious adj. strange and unusual 稀奇古怪；奇特；不寻常
it is curious that …: It was curious that she didn’t tell anyone. 她没有告诉任何人，这很反常。
dustman n. a person whose job is to remove waste from uotside houses, etc. 垃圾清运工
When he got married, Alf was too embarrassed to say anything to his wife about his job. 艾尔弗结婚时，感到非常难为情，而没有将自己的职业告诉妻子。
He simply told her that he worked for the Corporation. 他只说在埃尔斯米尔公司上班。
Every morning, he left home dressed in a smart black suit. 每天早晨，他穿上一身漂亮的西装离家上班。
He then changed into overalls and spent the next eight hours as a dustman. 然后换上工作服，当 8 个小时清洁工。
overall n. a loose piece of clothing like a shirt and trousers in one piece, made of heavy cloth and usually worn over other clothing by workers doing dirty work 工装服；连身工作服 [pl.]
~s: The mechanic was wearing a pair of blue overalls. 机修工穿着一件蓝色工装连衣裤。
Before returning home at night, he took a shower and changed back into his suit. 晚上回家前，他洗个淋浴，重新换上那身黑色西服。
Alf did this for over two years and his fellow dustmen kept his secret. 两年多以来，艾尔弗一直这样，他的同事也为他保守秘密。
fellow adj. used to describe sb who is the same as you in some way, or in the same situation 一同……的 [only before n.]
fellow students 同学
Alf’s wife has never discovered that she married a dustman and she never will, for Alf has just found another job. 艾尔弗的妻子一直不知道她嫁给了一个清洁工，而且她永远也不会知道了，因为艾尔弗已找到新职。
He will soon be working in the office. 不久就要坐在办公室里工作了。
He will be earning only half as much as he used to, but he feels that his rise in status is well worth the loss of money. 他将来挣的钱只有他现在的一半。不过他觉得，地位升高了，损失点儿钱也值得。
loss n. the state of no loger having sth or as much of sth; the process that leads to this 丧失；损失；丢失 [U,C, usually sing.]
~ of sth: He suffered a loss of confidence. 他失去了信心。
From now on, he will wear a suit all day and others will call him ‘Mr. Bloggs’, not ‘Alf’. 从此，艾尔弗可以一天到穿西服。别人将称呼他为“布洛格斯先生”，而不再叫他“艾尔弗”了。
课文理解
- What does the case of Alfred Bloggs illustrate?
- (a) That people often are more about the status of a job than the salary.
- (b) That ‘white-collar workers’ usually wear a suit to go to work.
- (c) That manual workers prefer to keep their job a secret.
- (d) That office workers usually earn less than manual workers.
(a). 原文指出，人们通常把工作背后的地位看得比薪水更重。
- What did Alfred Bloggs do for over two years?
- (a) He told his wife he worked for the Corporation, when in fact he did not.
- (b) He disguised himself as a dustman.
- (c) He led a double life.
- (d) He earned twice as much as he used to.
(c). 他一边做着清洁工的工作，一边把自己当成是一个白领。
disguise v.
- to change your appearance so that people cannot recognize you 假扮；装扮；伪装
~ sb: The hijackers were heavily disguised. 劫持者伪装得严严实实。
~ sb as sb / sth: They got in disguised as security guards. 他们装扮成保安人员混了进去。
~ yourself (as sb / sth): She disguised herself as a boy. 她女扮男装。
- to hide sth or change it, so that it cannot be recognized 掩蔽；掩饰
~ sth: She made no attempt to disguise her surprise. 她根本不曾掩饰自己惊奇的心情。
- Why did Alfred Bloggs consider wearing a suit all day and being called ‘Mr. Bloggs’ so important?
- (a) His new job is worth more than his previous one in every aspect.
- (b) He will no longer need a shower before returning home from work.
- (c) He can now tell his wife his previous job without embarrassment.
- (d) He feels that other people will respect him more.
(d). 社会地位提高了，别人也就更加尊重他了。
语法
现在完成进行时
结构：have / has been doing
表示内容：
- 一个从过去开始而在最近刚刚结束的动作；
- 过去发生的动作或状态一直延续到现在，并可能仍在持；
- 从过去到现在重复发生的某一个行动；
- 相比现在完成时而言，现在完成进行时更为强调动作本身；
- 表示状态的词不能使用现在完成进行时。
例句：
- I have been writing a book. 我一直在写一本书。
- They have been building a bridge. 他们一直在造一座桥。
- It has been raining all morning. 雨下了一个早上。
难用的单词
worth adj. [not before n.]
用法同 *prep.*，后接 n.、pron.、num. 或 v.-ing
- having a value in money, etc. 有……价值；值……钱
~ sth: Our house is worth about £100000. 我们的房子大约值 10 万英镑。
- used to recommend the action mentioned because you think it may be useful, pleasant, etc. （指行动）值得，有价值
~ sth: The museum is certainly worth a visit. 这家博物馆的确值得参观。
~ doing sth: This ides is well worth considering. 这个想法很值得考虑。
- important, good or pleasant enough to make sb feel satisfied, especially when difficulty or effort is involved 值得（费周折）
~ sth: The trip was expensive but it was worth every penny. 这次旅行花费很大，但是花的每一分钱都不冤枉。
~ doing sth: The film is definitely worth seeing. 这部电影绝对值得一看。
- (of a person) having money and possessions of a particular value （人）拥有……价值的资产。
~ sth: He’s worth £10 million. 他拥有 1000 万英镑的财产。
worth n. [U]
- an amount of sth that has the value mentioned 价值……的东西
The winner will receive fifty pounds’ worth of books. 获胜者将得到价值五十英镑的书。
- an amount of sth that lasts a week, etc. 能用……的东西
- the financial, practical or moral value of sb / sth 价值；意义；作用
The activities help children to develop a sense of their own worth. 这些活动有助于儿童培养自身的价值感。
选择题
- They usually wear a collar and tie _____.
- (a) as they work
- (b) to work
- (c) going to work
- (d) in order to work
(b).
- Alf was _____ anything to his wife.
- (a) so embarrassed he said
- (b) very embarrassed and said
- (c) very embarrassed, so he said
- (d) so embarrassed he did not say
(d).
- He told her that he worked for the Corporation _____ …
- (a) simply
- (b) in a simple way
- (c) and no more
- (d) only
(c).
- Before he _____ home at night, he took a shower …
- (a) was returning
- (b) returned
- (c) had returned
- (d) will return
(b).
- His earnings were only half the amount _____ …
- (a) as they used to
- (b) they used to
- (c) they used to be
- (d) they were used to
(c).
词汇
- Manual workers often receive much higher _____ than people who work in offices.
- (a) gains
- (b) fees
- (c) payments
- (d) wages
(d).
gain n. an advantage or improvement 好处；利益；改进 [C]
~ in sth: These policies have resulted in great gains in public health. 这些政策使公共卫生得到极大改进。
fee n. an amount of money that you pay for professional advice or services 专业服务费；咨询费；报酬
~ for (doing) sth: Does the bank charge a fee for setting up an account? 在这家银行并立账户要收费吗？
for a ~: Users can block ads for a small monthly fee. 用户交少量的月费就可以屏蔽广告。
payment n. a reward or an act of thanks for sth you have done 报答；报偿 [U, sing.]
~ (for sth): Is this all the payment I get for my efforts? 这就是对我辛劳的全部报偿吗？
in ~ for sth: We’d like you to accept this gift in payment for your kindness. 谨以薄礼答谢厚爱，敬请笑纳。
wage n. a regular amount of money that you earn, usually every week or every month, for work or services （通常按周或月领的）工资，工钱 [sing.]
Workers in these stores earn a good wage. 这些店里的职工挣钱不少。
- His _____ kept his secret.
- (a) brothers
- (b) workmates
- (c) companions
- (d) comrades
(b).
workmate n. a person that you work with, often doing the same job, in an office, a factory, etc. 一起工作的人；同事；工友
comrade n.
- a person who is a member of the same COMMUNIST or SOCIALIST political party as the person speaking （共产党或社会主义政党的）同志
- a friend or other person that you work with, especially as soldiers during a war 朋友；同事‘（尤指战争期间的）战友
They were old army comrades. 他们是部队的老战友。
- His rise in status more than _____ the loss of money.
- (a) pays back
- (b) rewards
- (c) compensates for
- (d) values
(c).
- He wanted to be _____ ‘Mr. Bloggs’, not ‘Alf’.
- (a) addressed as
- (b) named
- (c) cries out
- (d) shouted
(a).
address v. to use a particular name or title for sb when you speak or write to them 称呼（某人）；冠以（某种称呼）
~ sb (as sth): The judge should be addressed as ‘Your Honor’. 对法官应该称“法官大人”。
